Longitudinal association of egg intake frequency with cardiovascular disease in Chinese adults

Background and aimsReducing dietary cholesterol is generally acceptable for the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Eggs are nutrient-dense and common food items across the world, while rich in cholesterol. The potential effects of egg intake on cardiovascular health remain uncertainty and have been under debate in past decades.Methods and resultsA nationwide cohort of 20,688 participants aged 16–110 years without CVD at baseline were derived from the China Family Panel Studies. Egg consumption was assessed by a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. We adopted stratified Cox proportional hazards model with random intercepts for provinces to evaluate associations of egg intake with CVD incidence. During a median follow-up of 6.0 years, we identified 2395 total CVD incidence and mean egg consumption was 3 times/week. Egg intakes were associated lower risks of CVD incidence in the multivariate-adjusted model. Compared with the non-consumers, the corresponding HRs (95% confidence interval) for total CVD events were 0.84 (0.74–0.94) for 1–2 times per week, 0.78 (0.69–0.88) for 3–6/week, and 0.83 (0.72–0.95) for ≥7/week. Similar relationships were found in hypertension. Approximately non-linear relationships were observed between egg consumption with total CVD and hypertension incidence, identifying the lowest risk in 3–6 times/week. Subgroup analyses estimated lower risks of total CVD and hypertension in females only, with significant effect modification by sex (P for interaction = 0.008 and 0.020).ConclusionEgg consumption may be associated with lower risks of CVD incidence among Chinese adults. Our findings could have implications in CVD prevention and might be considered in the development of dietary guidelines.     

Angiocentric glioma: A case report and review of the literature

BackgroundAngiocentric glioma (AG) is a rare, low-grade glioma with slow growth. In 2007, AG was first classified as a solid tumor according to the WHO classification of the central nervous system (WHO class I). The outcome and prognosis of most of the cases are very good, but a few cases with tumor metastasis and disease progression, even death, have been reported. We report a case and systematically analyze previous literature to increase our understanding of the disease and determine the factors that may affect disease progression to make prognostic judgments.Case presentationA young male patient complained of a 3-year history of epilepsy. Anti-epileptic drug treatment was ineffective. An imaging examination revealed a lesion in the left parietal cortex area. Thus, the lesion was completely resected. The pathological diagnosis was angiocentric glioma. During a follow-up of two years, the patient had epilepsy relief controlled by sodium valproate and a disease-free period.ConclusionAG is an epilepsy-related low-grade glioma that heals after complete resection in most reported cases. However, few reported cases have had disease progression and death. This result may be due to the pathological complexity of the diseased tissue. In addition, AG is usually found to have an MYB–QKI rearrangement on genetic analysis. Due to the small number of reported cases and studies, our understanding and knowledge of this disease are still lacking. The potential malignant changes and prognostic factors need to be verified in more than clinical cases and basic research in the future.     

冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病与缺血性脑卒中相关性研究进展

冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(冠心病)和缺血性脑卒中是动脉粥样硬化性疾病中最主要的2种疾病,二者可以单独或合并发生,是引起死亡和功能缺陷的重要病因。2种疾病存在一些共同的危险因素,在疾病发生上有一定的联系。明确二者之间的相关性有助于动脉粥样硬化性疾病的预防及治疗,减轻疾病不良预后引起的负担,提高国民生存质量。目前有诸多研究致力于探究二者在发病机制、疾病进展、预后以及影像学表现上的关联,其中某些研究结果之间存在差异。现将相关最新研究结果综述如下。     

Seminar教学法在普通外科住院医师规范化培养中的应用

目的 探讨 Seminar 教学法在普通外科住院医师规范化培养中的应用价值。方法 将首都医科大学宣武医院普通外科接受住院医师规范化培训的 35 名学员（自 2016 年 9 月至 2018 年 8 月）采用 Seminar 教学法分为实验组即男生 30 人 , 女生 5 人 , 平均年龄 (25.0±1.7) 岁 , 均为大学本科学历，将 2014 年 9 月至 2016 年8 月的前期住院医师采用传统教学法的 35 名住院医师 ( 男生 29 人 , 女生 6 人 , 平均年龄 (25.0±1.8) 岁 , 均为大学本科学历 ) 作为对照组采用传统教学法。采用客观结构化临床考试 (OSCE) 及学生满意度调查评价教学效果。结果 实验组 OSCE 考试中病史采集和查体、病例分析、基本操作技能及辅助检查结果判读得分均高于对照组 (P ＜ 0.01), 学员对教学方式的满意度评分中对 Seminar 教学模式满意 , 认为通过这种教学方式激发了学习兴趣 , 提高了自学能力 , 口头表达、总结、临床思维、专业知识理解等各方面综合能力。结论 Seminar 教学法有助于提高普通外科住院医师规范化培训质量。     

Differential associations between pre-diabetes,diabetes and stroke occurrence among West Africans

BackgroundThere are limited data from Africa on the burden and associations between pre-diabetes (pre-DM), diabetes mellitus (DM) and stroke occurrence in a region experiencing a profound rise in stroke burden.PurposeTo characterize the associations between stroke and dysglycemic status among West Africans.MethodsThe Stroke Investigative Research and Educational Network (SIREN) is a multicenter, case-control study involving 15 sites in Ghana and Nigeria. Cases include adults aged ≥18 years with clinical and radiological evidence of an acute stroke. Controls were age-and-gender matched stroke-free adults. Detailed evaluations for vascular factors were performed. Pre-diabetes was defined as HBA1c of 5.7%-6.4% or Fasting blood glucose (FBG) 5.6-7.0 mmol/L and DM as HBA1c >6.5% or FBG>7.0 mmol/L. We used conditional logistic regression to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with 95% Confidence Interval.ResultsAmong 2,935 stroke cases the mean age was 60.0 ± 14.2 years with 55.2% being males. By glycemic status, 931 (31.7%) were euglycemic, 633 (21.6%) had Pre-diabetes and 1371 (46.7%) had DM. Of the age- and sex-matched stroke-free controls 69.2% were euglycemic, 13.3% had pre-DM and 17.5% had DM. Pre-DM [aOR (95% CI): 3.68(2.61-5.21)] and DM [4.29 (3.19-5.74)] were independently associated with stroke. The aOR of Pre-DM for ischemic stroke 3.06 (2.01–4.64)] was lower than 4.82 (3.37-6.89) for DM. However, the aOR of Pre-DM for hemorrhagic stroke 6.81 (95% CI: 3.29 – 14.08)] was higher than 3.36 (1.94–5.86) for DM. Furthermore, the aOR of pre-DM for ischemic stroke subtypes were 9.64 (1.30-71.57) for cardio-embolic stroke, 3.64 (1.80–7.34) for small-vessel occlusive disease and 4.63 (0.80-26.65) for large-vessel disease.ConclusionPre-DM is strongly and independently associated with stroke in Africans. Improving glycemic control through screening, healthy lifestyle and pharmacotherapy at a population level may be strategic in reducing the rising burden of stroke in Africa.     

3种现代医院图书馆服务平台功能比较

探讨目前流行的3种网络信息交流工具——博客、微博和微信,比较分析其在医院图书馆发展中的作用及其特征。指出医院图书馆应根据自身需要应用这些交流工具开展相应服务,为用户搭建互动交流平台,促进服务质量的提高。